These glacial–interglacial cycles are apparent in many marine and terrestrial paleoclimate records from around the world. Glacial periods are colder, dustier, and generally drier than interglacial periods. Since then, Earth has been in an interglacial period called the Holocene. We call times with large ice sheets “glacial periods” (or ice ages) and times without large ice sheets “interglacial periods.” The most recent glacial period occurred between about 120,000 and 11,500 years ago. Large, continental ice sheets in the Northern Hemisphere have grown and retreated many times in the past.
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